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155 EW RETINA April 2017 Atlanta. He has no financial interests related to his comments. Contact information Olsen: tolsen@emory.edu ract surgery should be considered between 2 to 4 weeks following an anti–VEGF injection. Re–instituting anti-VEGF therapy will then de- pend upon the pre-cataract surgery injection interval for that particular patient. EW References 1. Varma R, et al. Prevalence of age–related macular degeneration in Latinos: The Los Angeles Latino eye study. Ophthalmology. 2004;111:1288–97. 2. Friedman DS, et al. Prevalence of age–re- lated macular degeneration in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004;122:564–72. 3. Buch H, et al. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment according to World Health Organization and United States criteria in an aged, urban Scandinavian population: The Copenhagen City Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 2001;108:2347–57. 4. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research G. Risk factors associated with age-related nuclear and cortical cataract: A case-con- trol study in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, AREDS Report No. 5. Ophthalmology. 2001;108:1400–8. 5. Klaver CC, et al. Age-specific prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impair- ment in an older population: The Rotterdam Study. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:653–8. 6. O'Shea JG. Age-related macular degen- eration: A leading cause of blindness [see comments]. Med J Aust. 1996;165:561–4. 7. Mitchell P, et al. Prevalence of age-related maculopathy in Australia. The Blue Mountains Eye Study. Ophthalmology 1995;102:1450–60. 8. Klein R, et al. The relationship of age-re- lated maculopathy, cataract, and glaucoma to visual acuity. Invest Ophthalmol Visual Sci. 1995;36:182–91. 9. Klein R, et al. Prevalence of age-related maculopathy. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 1992;99:933–43. 10. Freeman EE, et al. Incidence and pro- gression of lens opacities: Effect of hormone replacement therapy and reproductive factors. Epidemiology. 2004;15:451–7. 11. Schmidt-Erfurth U, et al. Intravitreal aflibercept injection for neovascular age-re- lated macular degeneration: Ninety-six-week results of the VIEW studies. Ophthalmology. 2014;121:193–201. 12. Heier JS, et al. Intravitreal afliber- cept (VEGF trap-eye) in wet age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2012;119:2537–48. 13. Comparison of Age-related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials Research G, Martin DF, Maguire MG, et al. Ranibizumab and bevacizumab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: two-year results. Ophthalmology. 2012;119:1388–98. 14. Group CR, et al. Ranibizumab and bevaci- zumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:1897– 908. 15. Rosenfeld PJ, et al. Ranibizumab for neo- vascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1419–31. 16. Brown DM, et al. Ranibizumab versus verteporfin for neovascular age-relat- ed macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1432–44. 17. World Population Ageing Report. In: Division DoEaSAP, editor. http://www.un.org/ en/development/desa/population/publications/ pdf/ageing/WPA2015_Report.pdf: United Nations, 2015:9–17. 18. Chew EY, et al. Risk of advanced age-re- lated macular degeneration after cataract surgery in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS report 25. Ophthalmology. 2009;116:297–303. 19. Bakri SJ, et al. Pharmacokinetics of intra- vitreal bevacizumab (Avastin). Ophthalmology. 2007;114:855–9. 20. Bakri SJ, et al. Pharmacokinetics of intra- vitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis). Ophthalmology. 2007;114:2179–82. 21. Olsen TW, et al. Pharmacokinetics of pars plana intravitreal injections versus microcan- nula suprachoroidal injections of bevacizumab in a porcine model. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:4749–56. 22. Kong L, et al. Pharmacokinetics of bevaci- zumab and its effects on serum VEGF and IGF- 1 in infants with retinopathy of prematurity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56:956–61. 23. Furino C, et al. Combined cataract ex- traction and intravitreal bevacizumab in eyes with choroidal neovascularization resulting from age-related macular degeneration. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2009;35:1518–22. 24. Jonas JB, et al. Intravitreal bevacizumab combined with cataract surgery for treatment of exudative macular degeneration. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2007;23:599–600. 25. Tabandeh H, et al. Outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with neovascular age-re- lated macular degeneration in the era of an- ti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2012;38:677–82. 26. Muzyka–Wozniak M. Phacoemulsifica- tion in eyes with neovascular AMD treated with anti-VEGF injections. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2011;21:766–70. Editors' note: Dr. Olsen is professor and chairman emeritus of the Department of Ophthalmology at Emory University,

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